Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)

FACTS
- Excess spinal fluid collects in the chambers of the brain (ventricles).
- The ventricles increase in size and press on nearby brain tissue, causing symptoms.
SYMPTOMS
- Difficulty walking (feet appear to be “glued” to the floor)
- Falls, usually backwards
- Loss of bladder control, which usually follows cognitive and walking difficulties
RISK FACTORS
- Typically diagnosed in people in their 60s and 70s
- Unknown cause but can be seen with history of brain bleed, infection, inflammation, or injury
DIAGNOSIS
- Brain scans and imaging can help see whether there is too much fluid building up in the ventricles.
- A lumbar puncture, also called a spinal tap, is sometimes recommended for diagnosis and treatment.
TREATMENT
- Insertion of a brain shunt by a neurosurgeon to remove extra fluid and improve symptoms.

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