Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)

FACTS

• Excess spinal fluid collects in the chambers of the brain (ventricles).
• The ventricles increase in size and press on nearby brain tissue, causing symptoms.

SYMPTOMS

• Difficulty walking (feet appear to be “glued” to the floor)
• Falls, usually backwards
• Loss of bladder control, which usually follows cognitive and walking difficulties

RISK FACTORS

• Typically diagnosed in people in their 60s and 70s
• Unknown cause but can be seen with history of brain bleed, infection, inflammation, or injury

DIAGNOSIS

• Brain scans and imaging can help see whether there is too much fluid building up in the ventricles.
• A lumbar puncture, also called a spinal tap, is sometimes recommended for diagnosis and treatment.

TREATMENT

• Insertion of a brain shunt by a neurosurgeon to remove extra fluid and improve symptoms.