Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Overview

There is a noticeable but mild decline in memory or thinking skills.
The changes are noticeable to the person or the family but do not affect day-to-day living.
MCI increases the risk for developing Alzheimer’s or another dementia.
15-20% of people over the age of 65 have MCI.
People with MCI may improve, stay the same, or have progression of symptoms over time.
MCI affects men more often than women.

Increased forgetfulness
Difficulty remembering things that were previously easily recalled
Forgetting appointments or scheduled events
Frequently losing train of thought during conversations, while reading, or when watching TV
Feeling overwhelmed when attempting to make plans or decisions
Having trouble navigating familiar locations
Being impulsive or showing poor judgement
Trouble planning steps to accomplish a task
Difficulty understanding instructions

Advanced age
Family history of MCI or dementia
History of high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, high cholesterol, or heart disease
Lack of exercise
Lack of participation in mentally or socially stimulating activities

Thorough review and assessment of medical history and medications, observations during the
appointment, and interviews with family or close friends
Physical and neurological exam, including memory test and depression screen
Lab studies, including blood count and glucose, thyroid, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D levels

Medications may be used to treat mild memory loss.
Mental stimulation is recommended through new socializations, starting or expanding
hobbies, doing puzzles, and reading fiction.
Adopting a healthy lifestyle with exercise, the Mediterranean diet, and adequate hydration is
important.
Vitamin replacement may be recommended.
Limit alcohol intake and stop smoking.
Correct hearing if there is a deficit.
The treatment of underlying anxiety or depression may help improve symptoms of MCI.